How far should you be from the runway when issuing landing clearance on a straight-in approach?

The appropriate distance for issuing landing clearance on a straight-in approach is established to ensure that the pilot has sufficient time to safely complete their approach and landing. A clearance given no closer than 3 miles from the runway provides a safe margin for the pilot to confirm they are aligned on the correct glide path, make any necessary adjustments, and prepare for landing.

This distance allows for clear communication between the air traffic controller and the pilot, ensuring that any potential misunderstandings can be resolved before the aircraft reaches the runway. It also accounts for the aircraft's descent profile and speed, providing an adequate buffer to manage any last-minute changes in conditions or emergency procedures that may arise as the aircraft approaches the runway.

The alternatives to this distance could result in insufficient time for the pilot to react or adjust their approach, leading to a potential safety hazard. Thus, the 3-mile threshold is a standard in aviation practice to promote safety and effective communication during landing operations.